Which scenario indicates that PVPs should be considered for the horse?

The scenario where a horse has experienced past anxiety during veterinary visits is crucial in determining whether PVPs (Pharmacological and Non-Pharmacological adjunctive therapies or protocols) should be considered. When a horse has a history of anxiety, it indicates that the horse may be predisposed to stress and fear, particularly in environments or situations reminiscent of their previous experiences. This awareness allows the veterinary team to take proactive measures to minimize stress, thus ensuring better outcomes for both the horse and the practitioners during treatment.

By recognizing past anxiety as a significant factor, veterinary professionals can plan ahead for the visit, employing strategies that may include desensitization techniques, environmental modifications, and the use of calming aids as needed. Such preparations aim to create a more comfortable and less frightening experience for the horse, aligning with the principles of fear-free practices.

The other scenarios do not suggest an immediate need for PVPs since they indicate a calm demeanor or lack of past anxiety, which suggests that the horse may already be well-adjusted to veterinary interactions.